As of August 2024, an Olympic women’s boxer in Paris 2024 has abandoned a fight, it could be due to a variety of reasons such as injury, disqualification, or a personal decision.
Angela Carini abandons Olympic fight after 46 seconds against Imene Khelif, Algeria boxer who had gender test issue before.
The issue of gender eligibility criteria surfaced at the 2023 world championships when Khelif and Lin Yu-Ting of Taiwan both won medals in the women’s competition before tournament officials announced the boxers had failed gender eligibility tests. They were stripped of their medals.
Male and female physiology share many similarities, but there are also significant differences influenced by genetics, hormones, and reproductive functions. Here’s a general overview:
Hormonal Differences:
- Testosterone vs. Estrogen: Men typically have higher levels of testosterone, which contributes to greater muscle mass, larger bone density, and facial hair. Women have higher levels of estrogen and progesterone, which regulate menstrual cycles and support reproductive functions.
- Hormonal Cycles: Women experience a monthly hormonal cycle that affects various physiological processes, including metabolism and mood. Men have a more stable hormonal profile but can experience fluctuations.
Muscle Mass and Strength:
- Muscle Mass: On average, men have a higher muscle mass and greater muscle density than women due to higher testosterone levels. This typically translates to greater upper body strength.
- Fat Distribution: Women generally have a higher body fat percentage, which is distributed around the hips, thighs, and breasts. Men tend to accumulate fat around the abdomen.
Bone Structure and Density:
- Bone Density: Men usually have denser bones and a larger bone structure, which can affect susceptibility to conditions like osteoporosis.
- Pelvic Structure: Women have a wider pelvis to accommodate childbirth, which affects the biomechanics of movement compared to men.
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems:
- Heart Size and Function: Men generally have larger hearts with thicker walls, which can lead to differences in cardiac output and exercise performance.
- Lung Capacity: Men typically have larger lung volumes and higher maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), which influences endurance and respiratory efficiency.
Metabolism:
- Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): Men usually have a higher BMR, meaning they burn more calories at rest compared to women, largely due to greater muscle mass.
- Fat Metabolism: Women tend to use fat more efficiently for energy, which can influence endurance and body composition.
Reproductive Systems:
- Reproductive Organs: Men and women have distinct reproductive organs, with associated physiological processes such as menstruation in women and sperm production in men.
- Pregnancy and Lactation: Women experience pregnancy and lactation, which involve complex physiological changes including hormonal shifts and increased nutritional needs.
Immune System:
- Immune Response: Women generally have a more robust immune response compared to men, which can influence susceptibility to certain infections and autoimmune diseases.
Pain Perception:
- Pain Tolerance: Studies suggest that women may have a higher pain tolerance and different pain sensitivity due to hormonal and physiological differences.
These differences are general trends and there is a wide range of individual variation. Both male and female bodies are incredibly adaptable and capable, with each having unique strengths and challenges.
Are you in favor that transgender to be able to represent the opposite gender they are? When it comes to sports, contest transgender to be able to go as woman or men respectively?
